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ENDNOTES
step 1 ‘ London area widowhood revisited: the newest decline from feminine remarriage regarding seventeenth and you will very early eighteenth years ‘, Continuity and change 5 ( 1990 ), 323 –55.CrossRefGoogle College student
3 Wrigley , Elizabeth. Good. and you will Schofield , Roentgen. , The populace reputation for The united kingdomt, 1541–1871: a reconstruction ( London area , 1981 ), 258 –9Google Scholar ; Todd , Barbara J. , ‘The brand new remarrying widow: a stereotype reconsidered’, during the Earlier , Yards fecha venezolano mujeres en nosotros. ed., Women in English people, 1500–1800 ( London area , 1985 ), 54 – ninety five .Google College student
cuatro Brodsky , Vivien , ‘Widows into the late Elizabethan London: reily orientations’, in the Bonfield , L. , Smith , Roentgen. and you will Wrightson , K. eds., The world we have gained ( Oxford , 1986 ), 122 –54.Yahoo Student
5 Neither, we might include, did riches make sure they (anecdotal evidence on the other hand), as well as recommended by the Nancy Adamson’s trying to find ( ‘Urban families: the latest societal context of your own London top-notch, 1500–1603′ [unpublished Ph.D. thesis, College or university from Toronto , 1983 ], 188 –90]Yahoo Pupil , advertised from the Steven Rappaport ( Globes within this worlds: structures away from lifetime when you look at the sixteenth-century London area [ Cambridge , 1989 ], forty )Google Beginner , that on later on sixteenth century certain 58 % of aldermen’s widows, absolutely the new wealthiest and more than eligible out-of partners, did not remarry.
6 Get a hold of Grigg , Susan , ‘ With the a concept out of remarriage: an incident study of Newburyport at the beginning of this new nineteenth century ‘, Record from Interdisciplinary Records 8 ( 1977 ), 183 – 220 .CrossRefGoogle College student
8 Wilson , Adrian , ‘ Illegitimacy and its ramifications inside middle-eighteenth-century London: evidence of one’s Foundling Medical ‘, Continuity and alter 4 ( 1989 ), 136 .CrossRefGoogle Beginner
nine ‘ Family and you will kinship: Ryton about late 16th and you may early seventeenth years ‘, History Working area ten ( 1980 ), 49 .Yahoo College student
eleven Ibid. Austen’s journal will bring understanding of a great generational shift. Austen by herself refuted remarriage because infringing their particular private and you will economic versatility as well as their particular honor, when you are meanwhile acknowledging you to definitely their own mom’s remarriage so you can Alderman John Highlord in the early 1640s got element of the foundation having her very own prosperity (Uk Collection, Include. MS. 4454, fos. 79v, 93, 93v, 105).
12 The brand new petition of your widows, inside the and you will throughout the London and you will Westminster getting good redress of the issues , repr. Harleian Miscellany 10 ( London area , 1810 ), 170 –5.Bing College student
fourteen The newest category towards English scene try discussed most extensively of the Linda Woodbridge, in females as well as the English Renaissance: literature and nature off womankind, 1540–1620 ( Urbana , 1986 ).Bing Student
15 The text finishes ‘that individuals widowes are restored to our previous joyes by that have plurality away from suitors and every single day expectations of obtaining a good and you can lusty more youthful husbands, for the tranquility in our authorities and rejoycing in our soules, for females (once we would have every world discover) want to live and dye from the neighborhood away from husbands’.
16 To many other comparable mock petitions composed within period and you can later on, see Smith , H. and you can Cardinale , S. , Female as well as the literature of one’s 17th century: an enthusiastic annotated bibliography ( Nyc , 1990 ).Yahoo Scholar
17 Nicholles , A good. , A commentary regarding , J. , The fresh arraignment away from …female, with a paragraph toward ‘The fresh sustain-baiting of vanity away from widows’ ( 1615 )Yahoo Beginner ; Taylor , J. , The fresh Juniper Lectures ( 1639 ).Yahoo Student
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18 MacDonald , Roentgen. An effective. , ‘The fresh new widow: a recurring shape in Jacobean and you can Caroline comedy’ (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, College of brand new Brunswick , 1978 ), step one , 75 , 79 .Yahoo Beginner Once i pointed out inside the ‘The fresh new reples out of widows which picked not to ever get married and you will resisted importunate suitors. Phase widows try universally rich, so as that supply brings nothing advice for those guessing about the attitudes of one’s bad widow.